maap cuman copas ajah, jangan tanyain yang lain yah 

Engine fails to rotate when attempting to start
1. Battery terminal connections loose or corroded
2. Battery discharged or faulty
3. Broken, loose or disconnected wiring in the starting circuit
4. Defective starter solenoid or switch
5. Defective starter motor
6. Starter pinion or flywheel ring gear teeth loose or broken
7. Engine earth strap broken or disconnected
8. Automatic transmission not in Park/Neutral position or starter
inhibitor switch faulty

Engine rotates, but will not start
1. Fuel tank empty.
2. Battery discharged (engine rotates slowly)
3. Battery terminal connections loose or corroded
4. Ignition components damp or damaged
5. Broken, loose or disconnected wiring in the ignition circuit
6. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
7. Carburettor/fuel injection system fault
8. Major mechanical failure (eg camshaft drive)

Engine difficult to start when cold
1. Battery discharged
2. Battery terminal connections loose or corroded
3. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
4. Choke mechanism faulty - carburettor model
5. Faulty fuel cut-off solenoid - carburettor models
6. Fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models
7. Other ignition system fault
8. Low cylinder compressions

Engine difficult to start when hot
1. Air filter element dirty or clogged
2. Choke mechanism faulty - carburettor models
3. Faulty fuel cut-off solenoid - carburettor models
4. Fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models
5. Other ignition system fault
6. Low cylinder compressions

Starter motor noisy or excessively-rough in
engagement
1. Starter pinion or flywheel ring gear teeth loose or broken
2. Starter motor mounting bolts loose or missing
3. Starter motor internal components worn or damaged

Engine starts, but stops immediately
1. Loose or faulty electrical connections in the ignition circuit
2. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body or inlet manifold
3. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
4. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Engine idles erratically
1. Air filter element clogged
2. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body or inlet manifold
3. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
4. Uneven or low cylinder compressions
5. Camshaft lobes worn
6. Camshaft toothed belt incorrectly fitted
7. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
8. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Engine misfires at idle speed
1. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
2. Faulty spark plug HT leads
3. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
4. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
5. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models
6. Distributor cap cracked or tracking internally
7. Uneven or low cylinder compressions
8. Disconnected, leaking, or perished crankcase ventilation hoses

Engine misfires throughout the driving speed range
1. Fuel filter choked
2. Fuel pump faulty, or delivery pressure low
3. Fuel tank vent blocked, or fuel pipes restricted
4. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
5. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
6. Faulty spark plug HT leads
7. Distributor cap cracked or tracking internally
8. Faulty ignition coil
9. Uneven or low cylinder compressions

Engine hesitates on acceleration
1. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
2. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
3. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
4. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Engine stalls
1. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
2. Fuel filter choked
3. Fuel pump faulty, or delivery pressure low
4. Fuel tank vent blocked, or fuel pipes restricted
5. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
6. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Engine lacks power
1. Camshaft toothed belt incorrectly fitted
2. Fuel filter choked
3. Fuel pump faulty, or delivery pressure low
4. Uneven or low cylinder compressions
5. Worn, faulty or incorrectly-gapped spark plugs
6. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
7. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
8. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models
9. Brakes binding
10. Clutch slipping - manual transmission models

Engine backfires
1. Camshaft toothed timing belt incorrectly fitted
2. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
3. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
4. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Oil pressure warning light illuminated with engine
running
1. Low oil level, or incorrect oil grade
2. Faulty oil pressure sensor
3. Worn engine bearings and/or oil pump
4. High engine operating temperature
5. Oil pressure relief valve defective
6. Oil pick-up strainer clogged

Engine runs-on after switching off
1. Excessive carbon build-up in engine
2. High engine operating temperature
3. Faulty fuel cut-off solenoid - carburettor models
4. Fuel injection system fault - fuel injection models

Engine noises
Pre-ignition (pinking) or knocking during acceleration or
under load
1. Ignition timing incorrect/ignition system fault
2. Incorrect grade of spark plug
3. Incorrect grade of fuel
4. Vacuum leak at the carburettor/throttle body, inlet manifold or
associated hoses
5. Excessive carbon build-up in engine
6. Blocked carburettor jet(s) or internal passages - carburettor
models
7. Blocked injector/fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models

Whistling or wheezing noises
1. Leaking inlet manifold or carburettor/throttle body gasket
2. Leaking exhaust manifold gasket or pipe-to-manifold joint
3. Leaking vacuum hose
4. Blowing cylinder head gasket

Tapping or rattling noises
1. Worn valve gear or camshaft
2. Ancillary component fault (water pump, alternator, etc)

Knocking or thumping noises
1. Worn big-end bearings (regular heavy knocking, perhaps less\
under load)
2. Worn main bearings (rumbling and knocking, perhaps worsening
under load)
3. Piston slap (most noticeable when cold)
4. Ancillary component fault (water pump, alternator, etc)

Overheating
1. Insufficient coolant in system
2. Thermostat faulty
3. Radiator core blocked, or grille restricted
4. Electric cooling fan or thermoswitch faulty
5. Pressure cap faulty
6. Ignition timing incorrect
7. Inaccurate temperature gauge sender unit
8. Airlock in cooling system

Overcooling
1. Thermostat faulty
2. Inaccurate temperature gauge sender unit

External coolant leakage
1. Deteriorated or damaged hoses or hose clips
2. Radiator core or heater matrix leaking
3. Pressure cap faulty
4. Water pump seal leaking
5. Boiling due to overheating
6. Core plug leaking

Internal coolant leakage
1. Leaking cylinder head gasket
2. Cracked cylinder head or cylinder bore

Corrosion
1. Infrequent draining and flushing
2. Incorrect coolant mixture or inappropriate coolant type

Excessive fuel consumption
1. Air filter element dirty or clogged
2. Choke mechanism faulty - carburettor models
3. Fuel injection system fault - fuel-injected models
4. Ignition timing incorrect/ignition system fault
5. Tyres under-inflated

Fuel leakage and/or fuel odour
1. Damaged or corroded fuel tank, pipes or connections
2. Carburettor float chamber flooding (float height incorrect)

Excessive noise or fumes from exhaust system
1. Leaking exhaust system or manifold joints
2. Leaking, corroded or damaged silencers or pipe
3. Broken mountings causing body or suspension contact

Pedal travels to floor - no pressure or very little
resistance
1. Broken clutch cable
2. Incorrect clutch cable adjustment
3. Broken clutch release bearing or fork
4. Broken diaphragm spring in clutch pressure plate

Clutch fails to disengage (unable to select gears)
1. Incorrect clutch cable adjustment
2. Clutch disc sticking on gearbox input shaft splines
3. Clutch disc sticking to flywheel or pressure plate
4. Faulty pressure plate assembly
5. Clutch release mechanism worn or incorrectly assembled

Clutch slips (engine speed increases, with no
increase in vehicle speed)
1.Incorrect clutch cable adjustment
2.Clutch disc linings excessively worn
3.Clutch disc linings contaminated with oil or grease
4.Faulty pressure plate or weak diaphragm spring

Judder as clutch is engaged
1.Clutch disc linings contaminated with oil or grease
2.Clutch disc linings excessively worn
3.Clutch cable sticking or frayed
4.Faulty or distorted pressure plate or diaphragm spring
5.Worn or loose engine or gearbox mountings
6.Clutch disc hub or gearbox input shaft splines worn

Noise when depressing or releasing clutch pedal
1.Worn clutch release bearing
2.Worn or dry clutch pedal bushes
3.Faulty pressure plate assembly
4.Pressure plate diaphragm spring broken
5.Broken clutch disc cushioning springs